In light of the Centers for Disease Control's very broad statements about alcohol use in women, perhaps this topic is somewhat appropriate. Like I alluded to in the OKAP review article on embryology, there are many ocular findings associated with fetal alcohol syndrome, which are important to know, both for clinical recognition, and also for ongoing monitoring. For further reference, the CDC has a pretty useful web portal on fetal alcohol spectrum disorders.
Causes of Leukocoria: CREAM PIGMENT
There are TONS of causes of leukocoria (white pupil). But this can be a very important differential, as it can be the presenting sign of some sight-threatening and life-threatening conditions (most obviously retinoblastoma). Because of its clinical importance, it is essential to be able to not only recognize what it is, but to also have a decent differential diagnosis so that you don’t miss out on any key causes when conducting a history and physical.